will be implemented by 2010 the new directive on waste.
New to a certain point, because it seems to introduce principles of revolutionary nor particularly innovative compared to what should have been already been implemented for some time (at least in Italy).
The novelty is perhaps the criteria transparency e di partecipazione , non previsti fino ad oggi e in base ai quali l’elaborazione della normativa e della politica dei rifiuti deve avvenire in modo pienamente trasparente, nel rispetto delle norme nazionali vigenti in materia di consultazione e partecipazione dei cittadini e dei soggetti interessati.
Quanto, invece, alla materia che riguarda più closely the management of waste, the Directive sets out measures to protect the environment and human health, preventing or reducing the negative impacts of production and waste management, reducing overall impacts of resource use and improving their effectiveness. Duqnque, slaute respect, respect for the environment, prevention of waste production, rational use of resources is as before: there are, in fact, special news.
The definition of waste will not change: we consider refusal any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard.
stressed the waste hierarchy, which order of priorities that must be complied with by legislation and policy on prevention and waste management, with a clarification on the distinction between reuse, recycling and recovery:
a) prevention;
b) preparing for reuse;
c) recycling;
d) other recovery, eg energy recovery;
e) disposal.
This hierarchy can not be met, according to the directive when it is justified by life-cycle, in the overall impacts of production and management of such waste.
is made clearer by the definition of product : una sostanza od oggetto derivante da un processo di produzione il cui scopo primario non sia la produzione di tale articolo; un sottoprodotto dunque:
a) viene ulteriormente utilizzato; oppure
b) può essere utilizzato direttamente senza alcun ulteriore trattamento diverso dalla normale pratica industriale;
c) was produced as part of a production process;
d) its further use, shall meet, for the specific use, all the relevant requirements relating to products and the protection of health and the environment, without leading to overall adverse environmental or human health.
A refusal, however, may cease to be such when, after it has been subjected in a recovery, including recycling, luogoa give a product that meets specific criteria:
a) is commonly used for specific purposes;
b) there is a market or demand for that product
c) meets the requirements technical standards for the specific purposes and meets the regulations and the standards applicable to existing products;
d) your use does not lead to overall adverse environmental or human health.
With regard to the prevention of waste (which means reducing as much as possible the production), the Directive provides for a program of measures to support the policies of eco-design products that reduce both waste and the presence of harmful substances in them, promoting technologies focusing on durable, reusable and recyclable materials: that far from us was the reduction in the quantity and hazardous waste , but has never been implemented. The Directive also provides for a target dissociation , this term the decoupling economic growth from environmental impacts associated with waste production, probably in order to ensure that economic growth does not occur contestualmente ad una maggiore produzione dei rifiuti.
La nuova direttiva, inoltre, prevede ancora la pratica dello smaltimento in proprio dei rifiuti non pericolosi, mentre per quanto concerne i rifiuti domestici non differenziati prevede la creazione di una rete integrata e adeguata di impianti di smaltimento e di impianti per il recupero anche di concerto con altri stati dell'Unione: non più dunque il vincolo di effettuare le operazioni di smaltimento e di recupero all'interno del territorio di produzione (ambito territoriale).
Vedremo come sarà recepita, in Italia, la Direttiva.
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